CBDC's, wat is dat voor gedoe?

Riku • August 27, 2023

CBDC's, wat is dat voor gedoe?


Als je je buurman of plaatselijke winkeleigenaar zou vragen of hij de invoering van CBDC's (Central Bank Digital Currencies) steunt, wat denk je dan dat het antwoord zal zijn?

We hebben het over digitaal geld dat geen eigendom is van mensen, maar over geld dat wordt uitgegeven en gecontroleerd door overheden en centrale banken. CBDC's zijn programmeerbaar geld en worden op dit moment al ingevoerd in verschillende landen over de hele wereld. 130 landen onderzoeken, ontwikkelen en implementeren CBDC's op het moment dat ik deze blog schrijf. (Je kunt de huidige stand van ontwikkeling hier opzoeken:
https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/cbdctracker/)

Veel mensen geloven dat alles wel goed komt en begrijpen alle recente ophef hierover niet helemaal. Ze denken misschien zelfs dat het veiliger, goedkoper, betrouwbaarder, efficiënter en handiger is. Of ze gaan ervan uit dat er altijd wel opties beschikbaar zullen zijn. Als het echt zover is, worden ze dan ruw wakker geschud? Het is beter om te weten wat CBDC's inhouden nu niemand je nog dwingt om ze te gebruiken en je nog de keuze hebt.

Laten we eerst een aantal redenen onderzoeken waarom contant geld er echt toe doet.


Controle hebben over je uitgaven is belangrijk. Contant geld verbieden zou een inbreuk zijn op de keuzevrijheid. Contant geld is voor iedereen, ongeacht iemands sociale status. Je kunt het verkrijgen, gebruiken en aannemen zonder registratie. Contant geld kan privé en anoniem worden bewaard, waardoor iemand onafhankelijk wordt en toegang krijgt tot kansen die anders onmogelijk zouden zijn. En als er black-outs of cyberaanvallen zijn, biedt contant geld een vangnet. Het is daarnaast zeer veilig. Contant geld vervalsen is bijna onmogelijk. Met andere woorden, contant geld zou altijd een optie moeten zijn.

Laten we nu kijken naar wat CBDCs zijn. CBDC's zijn de digitale vorm van de fiat-valuta van een land. Ja, een CBDC is weliswaar een digitale valuta, maar het is NIET hetzelfde als een cryptocurrency. CBDC's zijn gecentraliseerd en als je ze vergelijkt met contant geld (waar ze op zouden moeten lijken) zijn het meer programmeerbare vouchers. Het is geen echt geld. De uitgever van de geautoriseerde digitale wallet van jouw land (de Overheid of de Nederlandse bank) kan ermee beslissen wat je er wel of niet mee kunt doen. Als je bijvoorbeeld zelf wilt bepalen wanneer je je energierekening, je belasting of je parkeerboete betaalt, dan zijn de vooraf ingestelde digitale smart contracts van je CBDC wallet misschien al zo geprogrammeerd dat ze automatisch namens jou betalen.


Als je online gedrag bijvoorbeeld wordt opgepikt door een algoritme, ongeacht je bedoelingen, kan er een smart contract worden geactiveerd dat je bankrekening bevriest of je beperkt in het kopen van iets buiten een bepaalde straal (als een soort "Smart LockDown"). Al je financiële activiteiten kunnen direct worden gevolgd. Of ze kunnen zo worden geprogrammeerd dat je alleen producten en goederen kunt kopen die je mag kopen. Wat dacht je van maximale uitgaven aan een product of dienst zoals het openbaar vervoer bijvoorbeeld? Of de mogelijkheid om je uitgaven te koppelen aan CO2-verbruik/carbon footprint. Ja, zelfs een vervaldatum kan worden ingesteld, zodat je gedwongen wordt om niet te sparen maar om uit te geven. Stel je voor dat je CBDC Wallet gekoppeld is aan je digitale ID (
de Europese id, het E-id, is al in de maak), je medische gegevens, gezondheidspas, vaccinatie- en teststatus enzovoort. Wanneer je een lage social creditscore hebt, kun je automatisch een boete krijgen, of je kunt beloond worden voor het verklikken van je buren. Willen we dit wel? Wil jij dit wel? Het is allemaal mogelijk en het wordt al getest. In de toekomst zou je zelfs een boete kunnen krijgen voor het schrijven van een kritisch stuk als dit.

Is dit het soort toekomst wat we willen voor onze kinderen?


Agustin Carstens (algemeen directeur van de BIS (
Bank of International Settlements) verklaarde het volgende in deze video van het IMF in 2020 met betrekking tot CBDC's en de Visie voor de Toekomst; op 24:30 minuten (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVmKN4DSu3g):

Bij contant geld weten we bijvoorbeeld niet wie er vandaag een dollarbiljet gebruikt of wie er vandaag een biljet van duizend peso gebruikt. Een belangrijk verschil met de CBDC is dat de Centrale Bank absolute controle heeft over de regels en voorschriften die het gebruik van die uitdrukking van centralebankaansprakelijkheid zullen bepalen en dat we ook de technologie zullen hebben om dat af te dwingen.”.

Dit laat niet veel ruimte over voor andere interpretaties en de bedoelingen rond de implementatie van CBDC's. Dus nu landen proberen hun CBDC's te lanceren, zullen ze het waarschijnlijk in beginsel aantrekkelijk maken door gebruik te maken van extraatjes en voordelen zoals speciale implementatie- en adoptie programma's met microsubsidies voor bedrijven, airdrops met een gratis besteedbaar bedrag wanneer je overstapt, hogere rente op je CBDC spaarrekening, kortingen op aankopen of het verstrekken van basisinkomens. Het is belangrijk om de voor- en nadelen zorgvuldig af te wegen voordat je met CBDC's in zee gaat.


In tegenstelling tot CBDC's geloven wij in vrije markten en vrije handel, decentralisatie, inclusie, individuele empowerment, transparantie, deeleconomie, privacy en gemeenschapszin. Wij mensen worden vrij geboren. Er is werk aan de winkel wanneer we zien en dat het aannemelijk is dat onze vrijheid in gevaar kan komen. Je kan zoiets niet oplossen door passief te blijven, maar door zelf de controle terug te nemen. DeFi (Decentralized Finance) innovaties van Web3 bijvoorbeeld maken dit mogelijk. De mogelijkheid om in en uit te stappen wanneer het jou het beste uitkomt, maakt het zo effectief.


Laten we ons voor altijd vrij maken van de CBDC!


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